Hong Kong/Journée internationale de la non-violence: La leçon retrouvée de la révolution des parapluies (A very civil disobedience: The world’s most polite demonstrators teach the world a 2, 000-year-old lesson)

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Vous avez appris qu’il a été dit: Tu aimeras ton prochain, et tu haïras ton ennemi. Mais moi, je vous dis: Aimez vos ennemis, bénissez ceux qui vous maudissent, faites du bien à ceux qui vous haïssent, et priez pour ceux qui vous maltraitent et qui vous persécutent, afin que vous soyez fils de votre Père qui est dans les cieux; car il fait lever son soleil sur les méchants et sur les bons, et il fait pleuvoir sur les justes et sur les injustes. Jésus (Matthieu 5: 43-45)
Avec amour de l’humanité et haine des péchés. Saint Augustin
Hais le péché et aime le pécheur. Gandhi
Notre monde est de plus en plus imprégné par cette vérité évangélique de l’innocence des victimes. L’attention qu’on porte aux victimes a commencé au Moyen Age, avec l’invention de l’hôpital. L’Hôtel-Dieu, comme on disait, accueillait toutes les victimes, indépendamment de leur origine. Les sociétés primitives n’étaient pas inhumaines, mais elles n’avaient d’attention que pour leurs membres. Le monde moderne a inventé la « victime inconnue », comme on dirait aujourd’hui le « soldat inconnu ». Le christianisme peut maintenant continuer à s’étendre même sans la loi, car ses grandes percées intellectuelles et morales, notre souci des victimes et notre attention à ne pas nous fabriquer de boucs émissaires, ont fait de nous des chrétiens qui s’ignorent. René Girard
 Le pouvoir tend à corrompre, le pouvoir absolu corrompt absolument. Les grands hommes sont presque toujours des hommes mauvais. Lord Acton
Trois modernes ont marqué ma vie d’un sceau profond et ont fait mon enchantement: Raychandbhai [écrivain gujarati connu pour ses polémiques religieuses], Tolstoï, par son livre « Le Royaume des Cieux est en vous », et Ruskin et son Unto This Last. Gandhi
Il vous faut abandonner les armes que vous avez car elles n’ont aucune utilité pour vous sauver vous ou l’humanité. Vous inviterez Herr Hitler et signor Mussolini à prendre ce qu’ils veulent des pays que vous appelez vos possessions…. Si ces messieurs choisissent d’occuper vos maisons, vous les évacuerez. S’ils ne vous laissent pas partir librement, vous vous laisserez abattre, hommes, femmes et enfants, mais vous leur refuserez toute allégeance.  Gandhi (conseil aux Britanniques, 1940)
Si j’étais né en Allemagne et y gagnais ma vie, je revendiquerais l’Allemagne comme ma patrie au même titre que le plus grand des gentils Allemands et le défierais de m’abattre ou de me jeter au cachot; je refuserais d’être expulsé ou soumis à toute mesure discriminatoire. Et pour cela, je n’attendrais pas que mes coreligionaires se joignent à moi dans la résistance civile mais serais convaincu qu’à la fin ceux-ci ne manqueraient pas de suivre mon exemple. Si un juif ou tous les juifs acceptaient la prescription ici offerte, ils ne pourraient être en plus mauvaise posture que maintenant. Et la souffrance volontairement subie leur apporterait une force et une joie intérieures que ne pourraient leur apporter aucun nombre de résolutions de sympathie du reste du monde. Gandhi (le 26 novembre, 1938)
Un gouvernement qui n’est pas responsable face à son propre peuple ne peut être responsable face au reste du monde. (…) Ne pas vouloir offenser la Chine signifie qu’ils ne peuvent pas aider la Chine, ne peuvent pas aider le peuple chinois à jouir de ses droits et ne peuvent pas aider la communauté internationale à intégrer un membre fiable, stable et pacifique. Cela n’est pas une bonne chose. Si le monde est indifférent, il porte une grande part de la responsabilité. Bao Tong (ami personnel de Zhao Ziyang)
Tant que le parti ne reverra pas son jugement sur le 4 juin, et ne reconnaîtra pas que c’était un mouvement patriotique et démocratique, la démocratie ne pourra pas avancer ici. Cela veut dire que tout ce qu’ils nous racontent sur la démocratie en marche et les droits de l’Homme ne sont que mensonges. Qi Zhiyong (ancien étudiant ayant perdu une jambe sous les balles le 4 juin)
Nous les démocrates chinois, nous sommes comme les Juifs dans l’Allemagne Nazie. Pourquoi les Occidentaux ne viennent pas à notre secours est un grand mystère. Lorsque nous aurons tous été exterminés, vous aurez honte de votre passivité. Vous vous demanderez pourquoi vous ne nous aviez pas vu disparaître? Liu Xia (épouse du dissident emprisonné Liu Xiaobo)
Tout se passe comme si les intérêts économiques prévalaient sur la solidarité élémentaire avec ceux qui souffrent du manque de liberté. Vaclav Havel
Des manifestations suivies d’émeutes fleurissent partout, et nous donnent envie de renommer la ville lumière Paristan. Des commerces juifs, des synagogues, des individus juifs, sont pointés du doigt sur les réseaux sociaux et attaqués par une horde de sauvages qui ne savent même pas mettre Gaza sur une carte. Des gauchistes en mal de combats défient le gouvernement en allant manifester là où des émeutiers brûlent des drapeaux israéliens et exhibent des messages antisémites d’un autre âge, accompagnés de drapeaux du djihad et du hezbollah. Des Français « en ont marre » de cette importation du conflit, mais ne se prononcent pas, et attendent juste que ça passe en évitant certains quartiers les jours de manif. (…) Alors vous, la « majorité silencieuse » qui a « hâte que cela s’arrête », réveillez-vous. Quant à vous, les manifestants du dimanche (et du samedi aussi), qui vous prenez pour Che Guevara parce que vous brûlez des drapeaux israéliens le visage masqué en criant « Hitler reviens » et parce que vous détruisez le bitume parisien, sachez une chose : personne n’est dupe. Vous n’apportez rien à la cause palestinienne si ce n’est de la désolation. Vous desservez tellement votre cause que plus personne ne vous croit.  Alors oui, peut être que je dormirai mieux si je m’en fous. Si je ne regarde plus ce drapeau du djihad qui trône place de la République un samedi après midi d’été au cours d’une manifestation interdite, et organisée quand même par des partis politiques dont le NPA … Sophie Taieb
Despite the crackdown on Occupy in some cities, including the clearance of the original Wall Street camp last week, the movement is now a global phenomenon. Other activist movements, like those for gay rights, black power, peace, environmentalism and women’s rights, have traditionally used design cues to trigger public recognition — names, slogans, symbols and so on. Occupy uses them, too, but it has deployed them differently. As a leaderless movement that is cellular rather than hierarchical in structure, Occupy has depended on the Internet and social media sites, like Twitter and Facebook, to fuel its growth. The different elements of its design identity have been defined by the ingenuity with which its supporters have used those technologies. (…) By christening its first camp “#Occupy Wall Street,” Adbusters set a precedent whereby other groups could instantly invent their own versions of “Occupy” in different locations: Occupy Paris, Occupy Poughkeepsie, and so on. Adopting a customizable name is an efficient way of identifying such a diverse collection of people and causes. Each new group can raise awareness of the global movement with the first part of its name, while asserting its own identity with the second part. The recurrence of the word “Occupy” is ideal for maximizing impact on social networks, as is the addition of #, the hashtag symbol that enables Twitter users to search for tweets with a common theme, to “#OccupyWallStreet.” With or without the hashtag, the word “Occupy” is a good choice for a global movement. It translates easily from English into several other languages including “occuper” in French, “occupare” in Italian, “occupar” in Spanish though not, admittedly, “besetzen” in German. And it is firmly rooted in the history of the protest movement, from the factory occupations by striking workers in the United States during the 1930s to the global student sit-ins of the late 1960s. In short, “Occupy” is a stellar example of both what is known in marketing as an umbrella brand name and what the anti-corporatists in the movement could call beating them at their own game. Equally versatile are the slogans adopted by Occupy’s supporters. “We are the 99%” was originally a reference to the concentration of personal wealth in the United States among the richest 1 percent of the population, but it is applicable to other countries, too. The phrase explains a complex economic concept clearly and persuasively, but is concise enough to be included in tweets without breaching Twitter’s 140 character limit. Another popular slogan is the witty and diplomatic: “Sorry for the inconvenience. We are trying to change the world.” The wording differs from group to group but the meaning and humor are consistent. It is when it comes to visual symbolism that Occupy’s approach differs from that of other activist movements, most of which are strongly associated with specific motifs. The pink triangle, which once identified homosexual prisoners in Nazi concentration camps, has become a global symbol of gay rights. The raised fist of the black power movement dates from ancient Assyria, where it signified unity or defiance, and has also been an emblem for the Russian Revolution and workers’ rights. The circular peace symbol was designed in 1958 by a British anti-nuclear campaigner, Gerald Holtorn. The lines inside are based on the semaphore signals for the letters “N” for “nuclear” and “D” for “disarmament.” Environmentalists have adopted green as their signature color worldwide, as well as the rainbow that appeared on Greenpeace’s Rainbow Warrior protest ships and also symbolizes gay rights as a motif. The “Take the Square” movement, which emerged in Spain this spring, when groups of activists occupied squares in different cities, has conformed to convention by adopting a symbol of pink and purple arrows pointing into a square. But the various Occupy groups have adopted a diverse range of motifs. Among the most popular ones are the hashtag and raised fist used by “#OccupyWallStreet.” Smart choices again. The raised fist evokes historic protest movements, while the hashtag strikes a contemporary note. NYT
Hong Kong: A city where protestors don’t smash up shops, and they also clean up after themselves, yet get teargassed and pushed by the police. Message de manifestant
Rather than presenting scenes of smashed shops or violent confrontations with the police—the sort of images we have grown accustomed to in Cairo, Ukraine, and other sites of popular protests against oppressive regimes—the photos from central Hong Kong show smiling students sitting around doing their homework, passing out donations of food, and meticulously picking up litter—even sorting out the recyclables. What, then, is different about these Hong Kong demonstrators? And how might their almost exaggerated politeness help them against the notoriously severe Chinese Communist Party? These aren’t just idealists; these are savvy political operators who understand successful nonviolent resistance. The answers to these questions can be found in the appropriately titled “Manual of Disobedience.” Published online several days before the Occupy Central campaign was set to begin, the document (written in Chinese and English) is part how-to guide and part philosophical mission statement. It details the movement’s tactics, the rules for nonviolent protest, the legal codes that may be violated, and the exact procedure to follow should someone be arrested. It also implores protesters to “avoid physical confrontation, but also to avoid developing hatred in [their] heart,” and explains that the protests must be a model of the values that they are striving to see in their society, namely “equality, tolerance, love, and care.” The protesters understand that these values will not only help win over sympathizers, but lay bare the illegitimacy of the regime if it moves against them with excessive force. These aren’t youthful idealists; these are savvy political operators who understand the secrets of successful nonviolent resistance. (…) Right now the government appears to be set to try to wait the protesters out, hoping that their presence and the disruption of daily life will eventually alienate the movement from wider society. However, Occupy Central has positioned itself well, almost no matter the outcome. If, as many people fear, mainland authorities crack down Tiananmen-style, the training and the discipline the protesters have displayed will serve them well, galvanizing support and isolating the Chinese authorities. On the other hand, if Beijing realizes the dilemma it faces, it will have no choice but to negotiate with Hong Kong’s protest leaders, a show of weakness that may ultimately inspire more yearning for democracy and even further protests. Slate

Attention: une leçon peut en cacher une autre !

Nettoyage des rues, tri sélectif et recyclage de leurs déchets, effaçage de graffitis, mots d’excuses sur les pare-brise des voitures de police vandalisées, distribution gratuite de nourriture, lavage de leurs vêtements pour rester propres sur eux, respect des pelouses, utilisation de seuls parapluies devenus symbole de la révolte contre les gaz lacrymogènes tirés à bout portant sur leurs visages …

A l’heure où, avec son propre référendum sauvage et au grand dam de Pékin, la contagion démocratique semble avoir déjà gagné Macao

Quelle meilleure leçon pour nos casseurs, brûleurs de voitures et crieurs de Allah akbar habituels en cette Journée internationale de la non-violence et anniversaire de Gandhi …

Contre les menaces chinoises de reprise du peu d’autonomie qui leur restait …

Et devant l’indifférence et la pusillanimité d’un Occident aux préoccupations désormais réduites à leurs seuls intérêts économiques …

Que ces exemplaires jeunes manifestants de Hong Kong …

Devenus massacre de Tiananmen oblige …

Mais aussi, comme pour leur avocat formé à Londres de maitre, après les 155 ans d’anglicisation forcée de leur ïle …

Et leur reprise du meilleur des campagnes de désobéissance civile américaines à la Occupy Wall Street …

Autrement dit, comme pour tous les chrétiens qui s’ignorent et pour le meilleur comme le pire que désormais nous sommes, l’héritage de quelque 2 000 ans de judéo-christianisation rampante …

Les manifestants les plus polis du monde ?

The World’s Politest Protesters
The Occupy Central demonstrators are courteous. That’s actually what makes them so dangerous.
Srdja Popovic and Tori Porell

The protest movement that has sprung to life in Hong Kong now represents the most serious challenge to Beijing’s authority since the Tiananmen protests of 1989. Beijing is obviously worried: Earlier this week it banned the photo-sharing site Instagram and ramped up censorship on the popular Chinese social media site Sina Weibo to unprecedented levels.

But while the threat to Beijing’s power is real, the danger isn’t evident on Hong Kong streets: Rather than presenting scenes of smashed shops or violent confrontations with the police—the sort of images we have grown accustomed to in Cairo, Ukraine, and other sites of popular protests against oppressive regimes—the photos from central Hong Kong show smiling students sitting around doing their homework, passing out donations of food, and meticulously picking up litter—even sorting out the recyclables. What, then, is different about these Hong Kong demonstrators? And how might their almost exaggerated politeness help them against the notoriously severe Chinese Communist Party?

These aren’t just idealists; these are savvy political operators who understand successful nonviolent resistance.

The answers to these questions can be found in the appropriately titled “Manual of Disobedience.” Published online several days before the Occupy Central campaign was set to begin, the document (written in Chinese and English) is part how-to guide and part philosophical mission statement. It details the movement’s tactics, the rules for nonviolent protest, the legal codes that may be violated, and the exact procedure to follow should someone be arrested. It also implores protesters to “avoid physical confrontation, but also to avoid developing hatred in [their] heart,” and explains that the protests must be a model of the values that they are striving to see in their society, namely “equality, tolerance, love, and care.” The protesters understand that these values will not only help win over sympathizers, but lay bare the illegitimacy of the regime if it moves against them with excessive force. These aren’t youthful idealists; these are savvy political operators who understand the secrets of successful nonviolent resistance.

The proof of this fact is playing out in the streets of Hong Kong right now. After the protesters’ first attempt to block the financial district was met with volleys of teargas from riot police, the people in the street did not fight back, leaving society shocked and emboldened by the authorities’ outrageous use of force. The next day, thousands more people turned up with signs supporting the students, condemning police tactics, and calling for the resignation of Hong Kong leader C.Y. Leung. Although it may seem obvious that a protest movement must win popular support to combat oppression, it is no easy feat, and something we have seen movements in dozens of countries fail to accomplish. The staunch adherence to nonviolence Occupy Central has demonstrated takes preparation, training, and discipline—a combination that’s very rare for many movements.

Most of the time, organizers aren’t prepared to handle the crowds that surge into the streets, and with no way to maintain calm and cohesion, too many movements have been derailed by a few thrown rocks or smashed storefronts. Governments seize on the smallest acts of disorder or violence as excuses to crack down. However, Occupy Central’s organizers seem to have come prepared. By issuing the manual and attempting to train their activists, they have maintained a united front and warded off the pitfalls that plague too many social movements.

No one has a crystal ball for knowing what Beijing will do next. Right now the government appears to be set to try to wait the protesters out, hoping that their presence and the disruption of daily life will eventually alienate the movement from wider society. However, Occupy Central has positioned itself well, almost no matter the outcome.

If, as many people fear, mainland authorities crack down Tiananmen-style, the training and the discipline the protesters have displayed will serve them well, galvanizing support and isolating the Chinese authorities. On the other hand, if Beijing realizes the dilemma it faces, it will have no choice but to negotiate with Hong Kong’s protest leaders, a show of weakness that may ultimately inspire more yearning for democracy and even further protests. For now, while it is amusing to watch the most polite protesters in the world keeping up with their schoolwork and keeping the streets clean, their politeness actually demonstrates why they have become such a powerful force to reckon with.

Srdja Popovic is the co-founder and executive director of CANVAS, and the author of the forthcoming Blueprint for Revolution.

Tori Porell is a program officer at CANVAS.

Voir aussi:

Hong Kong protests: Occupy movement could be the most polite demonstration ever
Lizzie Dearden
29 September 2014
Pro-democracy demonstrators occupying parts of Hong Kong are in the running to be the most polite protesters ever after apologising for an isolated case of vandalism.
Thousands of people have taken to the streets in opposition to China’s continued control over the city’s leadership, demanding the resignation of current leaders and democratic reform.

Despite clashes with police, who have used tear gas and pepper spray as well as charging crowds with batons in attempts to disperse them, the mood appears to have remained remarkably civil.

On Monday morning, Hong Kong resident James Legge spotted an apology note posted on a vandalised police van near the heart of protests in the Admiralty district.

« Sorry, I don’t know who did this but we are not anarchists – we want democracy, » it read. As protests continue, people have been seen distributing free food and water, as well as cleaning up after themselves in the famously orderly city.

At the main occupation at the city’s Government headquarters, students sorted plastic bottles for recycling even as they wore goggles and plastic sheets to protect against pepper spray.

Thousands of people are camping out in the Admiralty district in continued opposition to the Chinese Government’s refusal to let them select their own candidates for leadership elections in 2017, allowing only Beijing-backed politicians to stand.

The movement, dubbed the Umbrella Revolution because of the widespread use of umbrellas against tear gas and pepper spray, has sparked solidarity protests around the world.

Demonstrations are being run by a group called Occupy Central with Love and Peace, which describes itself as a “non-violent direct action movement that demands a fully democratic government in Hong Kong”.

China has called the protests illegal and endorsed the Hong Kong government’s crackdown, taking a hard line against threats to the Communist Party’s power.

The unpopular Beijing backed leader of Hong Kong, Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying, has urged people to leave the protests.

“We don’t want Hong Kong to be messy,” he said in a statement broadcast on Monday.

Attempting to dispel rumours of intervention by the Chinese army, he added: “I hope the public will keep calm. Don’t be misled by the rumours. Police will strive to maintain social order, including ensuring smooth traffic and ensuring the public safety.”

Voir encore:

Leading Hong Kong activist accuses Cameron of selling out campaigners
PM’s criticism of Chinese crackdown weak, says Martin Lee who argues Beijing is violating 1997 deal with UK over Hong Kong
Luke Harding and Richard Norton-Taylor

The Guardian

30 September 2014

One of Hong Kong’s leading pro-democracy campaigners has accused David Cameron of selling out activists in the territory “for 30 pieces of silver,” and said that the British prime minister has not been strong enough in his criticism of Beijing’s response to the crackdown on protesters.

On Tuesday Cameron said he was “deeply concerned” about the situation in Hong Kong, but the prime minister has failed to back the demands of the pro-democracy campaigners, who argue that China’s tight restrictions on candidates for the post of chief executive ahead of 2017 elections violate the joint agreement signed by Britain and Hong Kong in 1997.

On Tuesday night tens of thousands of demonstrators packed the city’s downtown area for a third night as protest leaders warned they would step up their actions if Hong Kong’s chief executive, Leung Chun-ying, did not meet them by midnight.

Wednesdayis China’s National Day – celebrating the foundation of the People’s Republic by the Communist party – and a public holiday, meaning more people will be free to protest.

Leung earlier said the central government would not change its mind over electoral rules and urged demonstrators to withdraw, stating: “Occupy Central founders had said repeatedly that if the movement is getting out of control, they would call for it to stop. I’m now asking them to fulfil the promise they made to society, and stop this campaign immediately.”

The UK deputy prime minister, Nick Clegg, said he would summon China’s ambassador this week to express his “alarm and dismay”, adding that the people of Hong Kong were “perfectly entitled” to expect free, fair and open elections.

But in an interview with the Guardian, the veteran pro-democracy campaigner Martin Lee called on Cameron to play of more high-profile diplomatic role.

Lee said: “Cameron should talk to the Chinese leadership. He should say: “What the hell is happening? You promised Hong Kong democracy. How can you reverse that?” Cameron needs to intervene and say democracy means genuine democracy. You can’t give the vote without giving the right to nominate candidates. He should do more.”

Lee, a former legislator and the founding chairman of the Democratic party, said Downing Street was a co-signatory with Chinese officials to the joint declaration – the 1984 document that guaranteed civil liberties and enshrined the former colony’s “one country, two systems” policy. The UK should therefore be shaping events and playing a more high-profile diplomatic role, he said, adding: “Britain certainly has the right to say something.”

Lee and other pro-democracy activists visited London over the summer, only to be rebuffed by Cameron and other senior ministers, who refused to meet them. Weeks earlier Cameron had hosted the Chinese premier, Li Keqiang. Lee did meet Clegg, who backed calls for Hong Kong’s leader to be directly elected.

On Tuesday Clegg sent a series of supportive tweets, including: “I sympathise a great deal with the brave pro-democracy demonstrators taking to the streets of Hong Kong.”He said the UK remained committed to the joint declaration and said that “universal suffrage must mean real choice” for voters and “a proper stake in the 2017 election”.

Lee, a QC and senior counsel, said article 26 of the joint declaration was explicit. It guaranteed the right of every permanent resident of Hong Kong to vote and to stand for election “in accordance with the law”. China’s plan to hand-pick candidates violated this. He said that the prime minister appeared more interested in trade deals than fundamental rights. Asked why Cameron had declined to meet him earlier this year, he said: “I think he was a bit ashamed. He was trying to sell us down the river for 30 pieces of silver.”

Roderic Wye, an associate fellow with Chatham House’s Asia programme, said Britain was in a “lose lose situation” over Hong Kong. There were no easy foreign policy options, he said. If the UK sided emphatically with the Hong Kong protesters this would infuriate Beijing and bolster the Chinese narrative that the west – “outside forces” – had incited the uprising. But if it didn’t the demonstrators might legitimately accuse Downing Street of betrayal, and even spinelessness, he suggested.

“In policy terms it’s difficult to get that balance right. The demonstrations pose a real problem, not just for the British but for others too. The question is how do you express support, to be seen to be promoting and aiding democratic forces, when the Chinese have said this is their internal affair. You want to put pressure on the Chinese, making it clear that you support the aspirations of Hong Kong, without dictating what terms these aspirations should be given.”

Wye said that as signatory to the original deal Britain had a “locus” for talking to Beijing. He said that Chinese plans to veto certain political candidates wasn’t at odds with Hong Kong’s legal constitution – even if protesters felt it broke the democratic spirit of the agreement. “It’s not inconsistent with basic law. This says that it [the Hong Kong system] should be backed by elections. It doesn’t say anything about the surrounding processes.” Asked what he would do, if he were a foreign office official giving advice to Downing Street, he said: “I’d be tearing my hair out.”

Lee also complained that the government had failed to condemn the widespread use of tear gas by police. “It was totally unnecessary and therefore illegal,” he said.

It emerged on Tuesday that the police are using teargas sold to them by a British company under an export licence approved by the government. Chemring, based in Romsey, Hampshire, sold the CS gas to the Hong Kong authorities.

The Campaign Against the Arms Trade said the UK had granted six licences worth £180,000 to sell teargas in the past four years. Speaking to the BBC’s Daily Politics show, the foreign secretary, Philip Hammond, said he did not condone its use against protesters. But he said they were a “legitimate export” available from large numbers of sources around the world. Chemring said it worked “in accordance with” government policy. He added: “There wasn’t a word of condemnation about the use of teargas [by police], which was totally unnecessary and therefore illegal, or the excessive use of force.”

Voir de plus:

La « révolution des parapluies », entre trombes d’eau et pressions chinoises
Florence de Changy (Hong Kong, correspondance)
Le Monde
01.10.2014

La « révolution des parapluies », qui doit son nom à la seule « arme » que s’autorisent les manifestants prodémocratie contre les jets de gaz poivre de la police, n’aura jamais aussi bien porté son nom que pendant cette troisième nuit du mouvement d’occupation citoyenne de certains quartiers de l’ancienne colonie britannique. Un énorme orage s’est déclaré en début de soirée, suivi vers 2 heures du matin d’un avis de pluie « Amber », premier niveau de pluie torrentielle, qui techniquement déclenche la mise en alerte des services d’assistance. Mais ni les éclairs ni les trombes d’eau n’ont eu raison de la détermination des milliers de « parapluies », désormais installés dans au moins quatre quartiers différents.

Les manifestants, qui veulent que le gouvernement chinois revoie sa proposition d’accorder le suffrage universel pour 2017 tout en gardant le contrôle des candidatures, réclament aussi à présent la démission du chef de l’exécutif de Hongkong, Leung Chun-ying. Pour certains collégiens et étudiants de la première heure, présents depuis vendredi devant le siège du gouvernement, cette nuit de déluge était en fait la cinquième passée dehors. « Cela s’est bien passé, pas d’ennuis avec la police, on restera jusqu’au bout », affirmait, stoïque, l’un de ces irréductibles, qui n’aurait pas mentionné la tempête si on ne lui en avait pas parlé. Il est de ceux qui se sont approchés autant que possible de Bauhinia Square, la place où avait lieu la cérémonie officielle du lever de drapeau, à l’occasion du 65e anniversaire de la République populaire de Chine, mercredi 1er octobre.

Le 1er octobre est le premier de deux jours fériés qui devraient donner l’occasion aux Hongkongais non encore mobilisés, de témoigner, ou non, de leur soutien au mouvement de révolte.

LES OCCUPATIONS POURRAIENT S’ÉTENDRE GÉOGRAPHIQUEMENT

Des sifflements et des hurlements ont retenti quand, à 8 heures, deux avions de l’Armée populaire de libération ont survolé, à basse altitude, le Victoria Harbour, suivis de deux hélicoptères traînant respectivement un immense drapeau chinois et un tout petit drapeau Hongkongais. Et pendant que le chef de l’exécutif, Leung Chun-ying, officie, coupe de champagne à la main, et parle du « rêve chinois que nous allons construire ensemble », les étudiants, parmi lesquels leur leader Joshua Wong, 17 ans, lèvent leurs bras croisés en signe de désapprobation.

De son côté, le député Leung Kwok-hung, de la Ligue sociale-démocrate, l’éternel révolté de Hongkong qui continue d’être surnommé « Long Hair » malgré la coupe sévère que son récent séjour en prison lui a valu, menait une procession funéraire pour les victimes de Tiananmen.

Alex Chow, le secrétaire général de la fédération des étudiants de Hongkong, a esquissé mardi plusieurs options pour la suite du mouvement. D’abord, les occupations pourraient s’étendre géographiquement. Canton Road, au cœur du quartier préféré des touristes chinois continentaux qui y font leurs courses dans les plus vastes boutiques de luxe du territoire, a rallié, cette nuit, la liste des rues rebelles. Une autre option serait d’occuper non plus des espaces publics, comme des routes ou des places, mais des locaux du gouvernement. Alex Chow a aussi suggéré d’étendre la grève illimitée des étudiants au monde ouvrier, ou à différents secteurs économiques.

« PATIENCE EXTRÊME »

Dans tous les grands faubourgs de la ville, les drapeaux multicolores qui devaient donner un air de fête chinoise à la ville ont cédé la place à une infinité de petits morceaux de ruban jaune, symbole du mouvement protestataire.

Tandis que la mobilisation ne faiblit pas, le moral de certains policiers, traditionnellement très populaires à Hongkong, semble fortement atteint. Il y a deux jours, dans une lettre interne qui a fuité, le commissaire de police, Tsang Wai-Hung, était revenu sur la polémique que les méthodes initiales de dispersion de foule, jugées excessives et brutales, ont suscité. Il félicitait ses hommes de leur « patience extrême » et de « leurs efforts sans limite pour servir la communauté ». Et il concluait en se disant « confiant que nous resterons unis pour surmonter cette situation éprouvante ».

La police a indiqué mercredi matin que l’un de ses inspecteurs s’était suicidé la nuit dernière dans son bureau. « Il serait inapproprié d’établir un lien », a affirmé un porte-parole de la police, indiquant que cet homme n’était pas impliqué dans les opérations liées à Occupy Central.

Voir aussi:

Révolution des parapluies. Comment naissent les noms des révolutions ?
Ouest France

Hong-Kong – 01 Octobre  2014

« Le parapluie est probablement le symbole le plus frappant de ces manifestations », dit Claudia Mo, une députée prodémocratie. | AFP
La révolte qui gronde depuis plusieurs jours à Hong Kong a désormais son nom : la révolutions des parapluies. Mais pourquoi et comment trouve-t-on les noms des révolutions ?

La révolution des parapluies
En images. À Hong Kong, la contestation démocratique s’amplifie

L’expression « révolution des parapluies » fait fureur depuis quelques jours sur les réseaux sociaux. Une banderole mentionnant ladite révolution a également été vue sur une barricade érigée devant une station de métro. Cet accessoire typique des Hongkongais est en train de donner son nom au mouvement de ceux qui réclament à Pékin davantage de libertés politiques.

D’ordinaire, à Hong Kong, il sert à s’abriter du soleil, plus rarement de la pluie. Les habitants de l’ancienne colonie britannique passée sous tutelle chinoise sont habitués à sa météo changeante et se déplacent rarement sans parapluie.

« Le parapluie est probablement le symbole le plus frappant de ces manifestations », dit Claudia Mo, une députée prodémocratie. « Nos manifestations étaient si pacifiques autrefois. Aujourd’hui, le gaz au poivre est devenu si courant qu’on doit s’en protéger avec des parapluies », souligne-t-elle.

La révolution des oeillets
Le 25 avril 1974, la foule descend dans les rues pour renverser le gouvernement salazariste de Marcello Caetano après 48 ans de dictature. L’un des points de rassemblements est le marché aux fleurs de Lisbonne, ou l’on vend beaucoup d’œillets. Des militaires insurgés mettent ces fleurs dans le canon de leur fusil. Au final, cette révolution de fleurs se fera sans heurts et pacifiquement.

La révolution de velours
La « Révolution de velours » ou « révolution douce » mené par Vaclav Havel en novembre 1989 tient son nom de la façon pacifique et sans effusion de sang au régime communiste en Tchécoslovaquie.

La révolution orange
Suite aux fraudes électorales en novembre 2004, foulards et banderoles oranges envahissent les rues. Une couleur qui, plus que n’importe quel slogans, marquera l’histoire du mouvement. Mais pourquoi la couleur orange ? D’abord parce qu’il s’agit de la couleur du parti de l’opposition « Notre ukraine », représenté par Viktor Ioutchenko, en opposition au bleu et blanc du parti de Ianoukovitch. Autre explication, cette révolte est aussi surnommée par la presse anglo-saxonne la « chestnut revolution » ou « Révolution des marronniers » qui bordent la place de l’Indépendance. L’orange rappellerait dont la couleur de ces arbres à cette époque de l’année.

Couleur des sac-poubelle ukrainiens, elle a permis aux moins fortunés de se revêtir de cet uniforme révolutionnaire de fortune pratique et voyant.

La révolution des Tulipes
La révolution des Tulipes designe le coup d’État du 24 mars 2005 au Kirghizistan. Au début du mouvement, les médias parlent de « révolution rose », de « révolution des Citrons » ou de « révolution des Jonquilles ». Le terme de « révolution des Tulipes » ne s’impose qu’après un discours d’Akaïev, le chef d’État renversé et en fuite, qui met en garde contre toute velléité de révolution « colorée ».

La révolution du Cèdre
À l’instar des autres révolutions colorés ou fleuris, le printemps de Beyrouth est baptisé par les médias et les intellectuelles révolution du cèdre. Cette révolution désigne en fait la mobilisation qui avait suivi l’assassinat de l’ancien premier ministre Rafic Hariri le 14 février 2005. Le cèdre, arbre national par excellence, présent sur le drapeau libanais, était censé symboliser la réconciliation nationale après quinze ans de guerre civile.

La révolution de Jasmin
Associé à la révolution populaire qui soulève la Tunisie en plein printemps arabe en 2011, le nom de « révolution du jasmin » s’est imposé dans les médias via le journaliste et blogueur tunisien Zied El-Heni. La fleur blanche et parfumée, emblématique de la Tunisie symbolise la douceur et la pureté. Ce nom repris par les médias occidentaux ne fait pas l’unanimité parmi les manifestants, le nom de la fleur évoquant une certaine douceur, tranchant avec le conflit. De plus le nom de révolution de jasmin était utilisé pour parler de la prise de pouvoir de Ben Ali en 1987.

Voir encore:

Elements of Style as Occupy Movement Evolves
Alice Rawsthorn
The NYT
November 20, 2011

LONDON — If you were told about an organization that started from scratch just over four months ago and had already expanded into more than 1,500 towns and cities all over the world, wouldn’t you be impressed? Thought so.

One organization has achieved all of that since July 13, when the Canadian activist group Adbusters called on “redeemers, rebels and radicals” to “set up tents, kitchens, peaceful barricades and occupy Wall Street for a few months” starting on Sept. 17. By the end of that day, two similar occupations had begun in San Francisco, and hundreds of others swiftly followed.

Despite the crackdown on Occupy in some cities, including the clearance of the original Wall Street camp last week, the movement is now a global phenomenon. Other activist movements, like those for gay rights, black power, peace, environmentalism and women’s rights, have traditionally used design cues to trigger public recognition — names, slogans, symbols and so on. Occupy uses them, too, but it has deployed them differently.

As a leaderless movement that is cellular rather than hierarchical in structure, Occupy has depended on the Internet and social media sites, like Twitter and Facebook, to fuel its growth. The different elements of its design identity have been defined by the ingenuity with which its supporters have used those technologies.

Let’s start with the name. By christening its first camp “#Occupy Wall Street,” Adbusters set a precedent whereby other groups could instantly invent their own versions of “Occupy” in different locations: Occupy Paris, Occupy Poughkeepsie, and so on.

Adopting a customizable name is an efficient way of identifying such a diverse collection of people and causes. Each new group can raise awareness of the global movement with the first part of its name, while asserting its own identity with the second part. The recurrence of the word “Occupy” is ideal for maximizing impact on social networks, as is the addition of #, the hashtag symbol that enables Twitter users to search for tweets with a common theme, to “#OccupyWallStreet.”

With or without the hashtag, the word “Occupy” is a good choice for a global movement. It translates easily from English into several other languages including “occuper” in French, “occupare” in Italian, “occupar” in Spanish though not, admittedly, “besetzen” in German. And it is firmly rooted in the history of the protest movement, from the factory occupations by striking workers in the United States during the 1930s to the global student sit-ins of the late 1960s.

In short, “Occupy” is a stellar example of both what is known in marketing as an umbrella brand name and what the anti-corporatists in the movement could call beating them at their own game.

Equally versatile are the slogans adopted by Occupy’s supporters. “We are the 99%” was originally a reference to the concentration of personal wealth in the United States among the richest 1 percent of the population, but it is applicable to other countries, too. The phrase explains a complex economic concept clearly and persuasively, but is concise enough to be included in tweets without breaching Twitter’s 140 character limit. Another popular slogan is the witty and diplomatic: “Sorry for the inconvenience. We are trying to change the world.” The wording differs from group to group but the meaning and humor are consistent.

It is when it comes to visual symbolism that Occupy’s approach differs from that of other activist movements, most of which are strongly associated with specific motifs.

The pink triangle, which once identified homosexual prisoners in Nazi concentration camps, has become a global symbol of gay rights. The raised fist of the black power movement dates from ancient Assyria, where it signified unity or defiance, and has also been an emblem for the Russian Revolution and workers’ rights. The circular peace symbol was designed in 1958 by a British anti-nuclear campaigner, Gerald Holtorn. The lines inside are based on the semaphore signals for the letters “N” for “nuclear” and “D” for “disarmament.” Environmentalists have adopted green as their signature color worldwide, as well as the rainbow that appeared on Greenpeace’s Rainbow Warrior protest ships and also symbolizes gay rights as a motif.

The “Take the Square” movement, which emerged in Spain this spring, when groups of activists occupied squares in different cities, has conformed to convention by adopting a symbol of pink and purple arrows pointing into a square. But the various Occupy groups have adopted a diverse range of motifs.

Among the most popular ones are the hashtag and raised fist used by “#OccupyWallStreet.” Smart choices again. The raised fist evokes historic protest movements, while the hashtag strikes a contemporary note. Like the @ symbol, an arcane accountancy motif, which was reinvented as a star of the digital age when added to e-mail addresses, the # has been resurrected by digital technology. First, it was added to cellphone keypads as a control button. The hashtag’s presence there and on computer keyboards (except for Apple’s, on which it is made by pressing Alt and 3) convinced Twitter that it was ubiquitous enough to become an identification tag.

Some Occupy groups have adopted the fist or hashtag as symbols. A few of them use both, including #OccupySeattle. Other groups have invented their own motifs. Supporters of OccupyNoLA in New Orleans spell out its name on banners with solid black dots in place of the “O”s. The camps in Frankfurt and Chicago have posted images of their cities on their Web sites. Occupy activists in the feisty Scottish city of Glasgow have plumped for a surprisingly sentimental series of symbols for their site, including flowers, a heart, a rainbow and the slogan “Occupy Glasgow Nicely.”

As the movement evolves, it is possible that more Occupy groups will adopt the same symbols. Or they may conclude that the protocols of protest design have changed and that, in the age of social networking, they can say more about the causes they believe in with the repeated use of a few carefully chosen words than with images.

Postscript: November 22, 2011

The process described in this column to obtain a hash symbol on an Apple keyboard applies to British keyboards. On U.S. Apple keyboards, the hash symbol is generated by holding the shift key and pressing 3.

Voir par ailleurs:

Référendum officieux à Hong Kong: Occupy Central clame victoire
A Hong Kong, le référendum officieux est officiellement terminé depuis dimanche soir. Ses organisateurs, le mouvement Occupy Central, crient victoire et parlent déjà d’un nouveau référendum.
Avec notre correspondante à Hong Kong, Florence de Changy

RFI

30-06-2014

Des trois propositions sur la façon de choisir les candidats susceptibles de devenir chef de l’exécutif, c’est celle de l’alliance des 26 partis pro-démocrates qui l’a emporté avec 42% des votes. 9% des participants à ce référendum officieux se sont abstenus. Les trois options proposées suggéraient toutes que le public puisse directement proposer des candidats. Autrement dit, que le choix ne se fasse pas entre des candidats déjà préselectionnés par Pékin.

Par ailleurs, 88% des participants au référendum ont soutenu l’idée que le Legco, le Conseil législatif, devrait bloquer des propositions de réformes démocratiques qui ne seraient pas en ligne avec les standards internationaux de démocratie. Les organisateurs vont donc demander au gouvernement de prendre en compte la proposition favorite et si le gouvernement fait une contre-proposition inacceptable, ils organiseront un nouveau référendum pour recueillir ou non le soutien de la population sur leur projet d’origine, qui consiste à bloquer Central, le quartier financier de la ville.

Le scrutin de dimanche restera comme la plus vaste consultation populaire qui n’ait jamais eu lieu dans l’histoire de Hong Kong sur son avenir politique. Près de 800 000 personnes ont voté, mais il a fallu décompter 11 200 votes d’électeurs enthousiastes qui ont voté deux fois, en ligne et en personne.

■ « Une farce politique »

Si le vote populaire de Hong Kong satisfait les organisateurs du mouvement Occupy Central, il est ressenti comme une provocation par les autorités chinoises.

Avec notre correspondante à Pékin,  Heike Schmidt

Ce scrutin n’a « aucun statut légal », estime le China Daily, quotidien contrôlé par le Parti communiste chinois. Pour son éditorialiste, le référendum est « anticonstitutionnel », car même si Hong Kong est dotée d’une administration spéciale, elle n’a aucune autorité pour appeler au vote populaire : « Les organisateurs ont démontré leur détermination à violer la loi comme bon leur semble », s’énerve le China Daily.

De son côté, le Global Times dénonce « une farce politique ». Le journal officiel appelle les citoyens de Hong Kong à ne pas se laisser « prendre en otage par des opposants extrémistes, afin de ne pas mettre en péril la prospérité et le bonheur de Hong Kong ».

Pékin est donc décidé à faire la sourde oreille aux revendications bien embarrassantes de ses citoyens hongkongais : hors de question de laisser les électeurs choisir directement leur chef de l’exécutif en 2017 et leur Parlement en 2020. Il va falloir passer par un comité de nomination composé de proches de Pékin. La crainte que le petit territoire rebelle devienne l’exemple à suivre pour toute la Chine semble bien trop grande pour laisser libre cours aux défenseurs de la démocratie.

Voir de même:

Référendum illégal: Macao dans les pas de Hong Kong?
L’avenir de Macao, ville de casinos, se jouera peut-être dans les urnes
Dans l’ancienne colonie portugaise, redevenue chinoise en 1999, des groupes favorables à la démocratie organisent à partir de ce dimanche 24 août et jusqu’au samedi 30 août un référendum non officiel, dans le même esprit que celui organisé à Hong Kong en juin dernier. Les organisateurs veulent mobiliser les 624 000 Macanais pour obtenir le suffrage universel.
Avec notre correspondant à Pékin, Jean Scheubel

RFI

24-08-2014

Le référendum a été déclaré « illégal » par le gouvernement local, et il n’aura peut-être pas le même poids que celui organisé à Hong Kong. Les promoteurs de l’initiative voulaient de vrais bureaux de vote, mais la justice de Macao s’y est opposée. Du coup, les militants sont postés directement dans les rues. Dans leurs mains, des tablettes tactiles grâce auxquelles les passants peuvent voter.

Principale question : le « chef de l’exécutif » – le n°1 de Macao – doit-il être élu au suffrage universel direct ? Pour le moment, son élection se déroule au suffrage indirect. C’est une commission électorale de 400 membres, issus du monde professionnel ou social, qui a la responsabilité de sa désignation. Pour les partisans de la démocratie, tout le monde doit pouvoir voter.

Aucune réforme politique prévue

À Hong Kong, à 30 km de là, ce sera le cas dès 2017, Pékin l’a promis. Mais à Macao, aucune réforme politique n’est prévue. Il faut rappeler que le territoire de Macao est 40 fois plus petit que celui Hong Kong et 13 fois moins peuplé. La défiance de l’opinion à l’égard du gouvernement central est réputée modérée aussi Pékin ne subit-il pas la même pression.

Le résultat du référendum sera dévoilé le 31 août, soit le même jour que l’élection du chef de l’exécutif. Fernando Chui, en poste depuis 2009, brigue un second mandat. C’est le seul candidat en lice.

Voir enfin:

90pc don’t trust Macau leader, says ‘referendum’

Unofficial poll results come just two days after chief executive re-elected
South China Morning Post

03 September, 2014

Macau chief executive Dr Fernando Chui Sai-on has suffered his first setback two days after being re-elected, with a so-called civil referendum finding that almost 90 per cent of residents do not trust him.

In the poll, organised by three pro-democracy groups, 7,762 Macau residents said they had no confidence in the sole candidate in the chief executive election. They represented 89 per cent of the 8,688 votes cast. Only 388 people – just under 5 per cent – said they trusted Chui, with 528 abstentions and 10 blank votes.

« This has shown that Macau residents are no longer staying silent and reluctantly accepting everything, » said Sulu Sou Ka-hou, a key member of Macau Conscience, which organised the poll with Macau Youth Dynamics and Open Macau Society.

The results of the unofficial referendum, conducted from August 24 to Sunday, came after Chui won the one-horse race with 380 votes from the 400-strong election committee.

Sou said the result also proved that Chui’s win would not help improve his credibility.

The organisers had earlier announced the results of another question asked in the poll, where 95 per cent of the voters – or 8,259 votes – were in favour of universal suffrage for the 2019 election.

Sou said the turnout in the referendum, which might seem lukewarm in a city with 624,000 people, was still « encouraging », given the heavy crackdown by the government.

Police shut down all five physical polling stations on the first day and detained five organisers on suspicion of breaching data-protection laws. Jason Chao Teng-hei, leader of Open Macau Society, has been placed under judicial investigation.

Two journalists working for Macau Concealers – an online medium operated by the city’s most prominent pro-democracy group New Macau Association – were also detained by police last Friday after they uploaded a picture on the civil referendum webpage of what was thought to be a staff permit card bearing the Judiciary Police symbol. They were accused of illegally using the emblem of the Judiciary Police, the main police investigation arm.

Chao, chief of Macau Concealers, was also held by police after he returned to Macau from Hong Kong last Sunday as a suspect over the logo misuse.

Sou said the city’s democrats would protest later against the police over their attempt to exhaust every means to attack the referendum. They would also continue to urge the government to start a new round of public consultation on political reform.

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as 90pc don’t trust Macau leader, says ‘referendum’

13 Responses to Hong Kong/Journée internationale de la non-violence: La leçon retrouvée de la révolution des parapluies (A very civil disobedience: The world’s most polite demonstrators teach the world a 2, 000-year-old lesson)

  1. jcdurbant dit :

    45% des musulmans européens souhaitent que la sharia soit appliquée en Europe, 55% sont fortement antisémites …

    http://www.jforum.fr/actualites/article/55-des-musulmans-d-europe-sont

    J’aime

  2. […] avec la revue américaine Foreign policy, voir dans l’insistance des manifestants de Hong Kong à dialoguer directement avec le pouvoir central  […]

    J’aime

  3. […] avec la revue américaine Foreign policy, voir dans l’insistance des manifestants de Hong Kong à dialoguer directement avec le pouvoir central  […]

    J’aime

  4. […] avec la revue américaine Foreign policy, voir dans l’insistance des manifestants de Hong Kong à dialoguer directement avec le pouvoir central  […]

    J’aime

  5. […] avec la revue américaine Foreign policy, voir dans l’insistance des manifestants de Hong Kong à dialoguer directement avec le pouvoir central  […]

    J’aime

  6. jcdurbant dit :

    22 YEARS AND COUNTING OF KOWTOWING TO THE BUTCHERS OF TIANANMEN (While the Free world looks the other way, Hong Kong protesters against their Beijing puppet government storm the Legislative Council and defiantly display the old British colonial flag)

    The day began with an official celebration of the return of Hong Kong to China on July 1st. It ended in the ransacking of a government building and tear gas. The televised chaos, including scenes of protesters violently smashing their way into and trashing the Legislative Council building, where some displayed the British and colonial-era flags, represent the latest test for Carrie Lam, the chief executive of Hong Kong, and for Xi Jinping, her ultimate boss in Beijing. A wave of massive protests in recent weeks has left them searching for how best to respond to the demands of citizens of Hong Kong, who fear that their freedoms are being whittled away under Chinese rule. Opposition has been galvanised, in particular, by a bill that would make it possible for people accused of crimes in mainland China to be sent there to face trial. On June 15th Ms Lam had tried to appease protesters by postponing consideration of the bill. But protesters have called for it to be withdrawn entirely. Many have also called on Ms Lam to resign. In response Hong Kong leaders have tried thus far a mixture of patience, contrition and hard-nosed police tactics.

    The day started with a new note of contrition from Ms Lam. The ceremony marking the 22nd anniversary of the handover was held at Hong Kong’s exhibition centre, where dignitaries watched a broadcast of the raising of the Chinese flag. In her remarks Ms Lam departed from the usual convention of opining on the progress of the city under Chinese rule, promising instead that her government would listen to the demands of the people and be more open. Meanwhile, on the streets outside, protesters were facing off with police. The contrast was stark. Television stations were using split screens to juxtapose the pomp of the ceremony with the running street battles outside.

    At around 2pm thousands of protesters left Victoria Park as part of a police-sanctioned march through the city. This was the third huge peaceful march to take place in under a month. Whereas the others had ended at Tamar Park, home to Hong Kong’s central government offices and Legislative Council (which is known as Legco), this time organisers asked the crowds to continue westward past the government buildings. Most obeyed. But several thousand protesters, most of them younger, veered right to help form a swelling crowd around Legco.

    Many wore masks to protect themselves from tear gas (and facial recognition technology). Some donned goggles to guard against pepper spray and helmets to protect from truncheons. Human supply chains passed along umbrellas, rolls of cling-film, cable-ties, pairs of scissors and bottles of water to the front line. Protesters uprooted metal fences from surrounding streets and dragged heavy bollards and bins to barricade the streets. Like all of the protests which have shaken the city in the past month, there was no obvious leader. Communications were shouted or conveyed by hand signals.

    After being criticised for using excessive force, including rubber bullets, on protesters on June 12th, Hong Kong’s police force had become more passive. By the early evening protesters had smashed large glass doors and gained access to an atrium at Legco. Metal gates inside might have stopped them there, but within hours protestors had breached that defence as well. They swiftly made their way to the council chamber, a circular room where the city’s 70 lawmakers convene. Some smashed fittings and sprayed anti-government and pro-democracy graffiti on the walls while others read out their demands, which included universal suffrage for Hong Kong. Many (?) regard the Hong Kong government as a puppet of central-government leaders in Beijing.

    In this leaderless movement, decisions are made collectively on the hoof, or by emotional fiat of the moment. Apple Daily, a newspaper, reported that one man inside the chamber was offering protesters the choice of whether to stay or leave. Police said that they would arrest anyone who had gone inside the building. Shortly after midnight police in riot gear cleared the streets near Legco with tear gas. Protesters withdrew from the chamber before police pushed their way in.

    Some commentators were incredulous that security services had allowed Legco to be stormed in the first place. But others mused that the violence and chaos played into the hands of the authorities.The protesters’ display of Hong Kong’s old colonial flag in the chamber was a symbolic rebuke of the handover 22 years ago. That sort of provocation could help the government and pro-Beijing media cast protesters in a negative light.

    On July 2nd Ms Lam held a 4am press conference in which she took a more defiant stance than in her handover speech, condemning the storming of Legco and declaring that authorities would « pursue any illegal acts » by protesters. But she also said she was willing to listen to the concerns voiced in the protests. More than a half-million people are believed to have participated in the protest march on July 1st. However authorities respond to the ransacking of Legco by several hundred protesters, they still must contend with millions of others in Hong Kong who have taken to the streets in recent weeks to register their dismay with the direction of their city under Chinese rule.

    https://www.economist.com/asia/2019/07/01/hong-kong-protesters-storm-the-legislative-council

    J’aime

  7. jcdurbant dit :

    QUEL NOUVEAU TIANANMEN ? (Pendant les travaux, la répression continue et devinez où regarde le Monde libre ?)

    «La police va massacrer les gens sur le campus. C’est Tiananmen bis. On ne sait pas du tout comment aider ceux restés sur place. On essaie tout ce qu’on peut, on essaie juste de gagner du temps. »

    Jeune hongkongaise

    «Epargnez nos enfants», disent un peu plus loin des pancartes. Magasins, centres commerciaux, restaurants, les rideaux de fer sont baissés. Même l’hôtel historique du Peninsula semble fantomatique, sa façade héritée de l’époque coloniale britannique désespérément plongée dans le noir, comme s’il était vidé de ses clients. Dans les rues alentour résonne le tintement des bouteilles de cocktails Molotov qui s’entrechoquent, et ce bruit sec de briques qu’on casse, jetées sur Nathan Road pour ralentir une éventuelle charge de la police. Partout, l’odeur de produits inflammables…

    https://www.letemps.ch/monde/luniversite-dernier-sanctuaire

    J’aime

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